Archive for August 2011
CBSE – Largest School Education Board of India
Indian education system is considered as one of the best education systems in the world. The education board which sets up a foundation for the entire education system in India is called Central Board of Secondary Education or CBSE. Schools affiliated to CBSE get a special recognition from other schools and colleges. The article talks about certain key features about the board.
In 1952 the Board was given its current name ‘Central Board of Secondary Education’. The key objectives were those of: helping the educational institutions more efficiently, to be responsive to the educational needs of those students whose parents were employed in the Central Government and had frequently transferable jobs.
The authority of the Board is extensive and stretches beyond the national geographical boundaries.
The main focus of the Board is on improving and innovating teaching methodologies.
The CBSE has more than 10000 schools affiliated in India and in various other countries. The Board functions under the overall supervision of the Controlling Authority which is vested with the Secretary Education, Government of India, Ministry of Human Resource Development. The Board has various statutory committees which are advisory in nature. The Governing Body of the Board is constituted as per its rules and regulations. The recommendations of all the committees are placed for approval before the Governing Body of the Board.
The board conducts final examinations each spring for All India Senior School Certificate Examination (AISSCE) for Class 10 and 12.The board as well annually conducts the AIEEE exam for admission to undergraduate courses in engineering and architecture in many colleges spread over India. It also conducts AIPMT All India Pre medical Test for admission to main medical colleges in India.
CBSE also prepares syllabus for the schools affiliated to it. It has earned a distinguished credit for providing common education to the Indian land and overseas without compromising on the quality of education. The most admired feature of the CBSE has been to introduce the courses that are relevant and go in sync with the advancement of the time. CBSE is one of the extensively recognized boards of school education, spreading common education in this diversified world. Many of the Indian schools abroad has adopted the CBSE pattern of education. The most recognized board across the country it supports students in case they have to move to a different country without interrupting their studies. Imparting education through common subjects and common books enable the students to carry their studies without much hassle.
With the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) officially announcing for its decision to introduce grading for Class X from 2008, Board examinations will finally come without the pass or fail tag for students.
A new nine point scale system has been introduced by CBSE recently popularly known as CCE. The nine-point scale grading system will need students to get qualifying grades in four of the five subjects to get promoted to the next level. It had been determined not to carry pass or fail on the mark-sheets of students, who will have four options to improve on their grades within a period of two years from their exam. The grading system will adopt a five-point scale, which means awarding students grades from A to E. This will get rid of the need of schools to show raw scores on the evaluation report of each student.
The board has been making changes in the education system continuously to adapt itself to the every changing world. The board has undoubtedly contributed immensely to the education system of India.
How To Hire Board Of Directors For Your Business: Tips
Hiring a board of directors for your business is not an easy task. You have to select the most responsible people who think clearly and can come to a decision quickly in times of crisis. The success of your business rests on them largely, and they should be able to take the best possible decisions without any personal bias creeping into it. Many businesses do not give adequate attention to the board of directors at the hiring stage, which results in loss.
Here are some things to consider when hiring a board of directors.
Your Needs:
Many small businesses do not actually need a board of directors. You need to think about areas where you may need a board of directors. If you need someone with specialized skills to oversee aspects like management, you may consider hiring a board of directors.
Functions:
Exactly what will the role of the board of directors be? How will they function? How will tasks be executed, and who takes the final decision? These are the questions you need to ponder before you select a board of directors.
Accountability:
In order to avoid losses in business or fraud, your board of directors needs to be accountable. They have to implement the ideas discussed and execute tasks assigned to them. Without accountability of the board, your business will suffer not just financial loss but possibly even loss of reputation.
Diversity:
The board of directors should have people from diverse backgrounds. This lessens the tendency for groupism and increases the chances of the right decisions being implemented. Moreover, having people from varied backgrounds on board is an effective way of getting new ideas.
Kind of Board:
What kind of board do you need? You could have a large board only if your business is large or you plan to expand. Mostly, small businesses need just an advisory council, where the directors will offer advice but not take decisions.
Term:
You need to fix a term for which each director will serve on the board. Setting a term for the board avoids stagnation, and you will get new ideas from new members.
Having a board of director’s means that you can have sound advice on matters affecting your business, take care to hire upright people who believe in ethics, as any wrongdoing can harm the image of your business. Ensure that the people who you hire are from diverse backgrounds. If you need more advice regarding how to hire board of directors, you can consult a small business advisor.
Plessy vs Ferguson – African American History Essay
1892
The U.S. Supreme Court: the highest court in the land. Their job: to decide the constitutionality of cases. But is that what they are really doing? Can we trust that their decisions are just? Two important cases in history can help answer this question. A 1896 U.S. Supreme Court case, Plessy v. Ferguson, made facilities and schools separate based on race. In another case in 1954, Brown v. Board of Education, the court reversed its decision and said that separate was not equal. These two cases teach two lessons about the U.S. Supreme Court. Plessy shows that our justice system has failed at times to establish justice. Brown shows that even though the Court rules justly, justice isn’t guaranteed.
Many events led up to Plessy v. Ferguson. For example: after the Congress withdrew federal troops from the South in 1877, conditions for blacks deteriorated. The government pushed blacks into an inferior position. The government took action to prevent blacks from voting immediately.
They embarked poll taxes, “grandfather clauses”. They also segregated on trains, in parks, schools, restaurants, theaters, swimming pools, and even cemeteries. If blacks broke these segregation laws, they were likely to end up either in prison or dead!
The case of Plessy v. Ferguson was a very important case in American History because it enforced segregation even making it legal, and made segregation a concrete reality for the people of the United States. It began with a man called Homer Plessy. Plessy was 7/8 white and only had 1/8 drop of black blood in him, but under Louisiana law, was considered black. In 1890, Louisiana passed a law providing that “all railway companies carrying passengers in their coaches in this state shall provide equal but separate accommodations for the white and colored races, by providing two or more passenger coaches for each passenger train, or by dividing the passenger coaches by a partition so as to secure separate accommodations.” Plessy believed that the law was unjust and so he challenged the law by refusing to leave the white railroad car. He was arrested and taken to trial. At this trial he argued that the Separate Car Act violated the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments to the Constitution. But he was found guilty. Plessy then appealed the decision to the Supreme Court of Louisiana. Again his case was upheld. Plessy appealed again in 1896 to the Supreme Court of the United States. Homer Plessy was found guilty once again. The impact of the court’s decision was a harsh one. It created a reality that was a nightmare to many. Their lives would be changed dramatically. They would officially be separated and considered low down in society.
Plessy v. Ferguson was the law of the land until 1954, when it was finally, successfully overturned by Brown v. Board of Education. In 1954, a little girl named Linda Brown in Topeka, Kansas had to walk 5 miles to school. She didn’t get recess and could not play with any of the other children who were all white. Her parents filed a case to the U.S. Supreme Court saying that there is no way blacks and whites could get equal education if they were separated. The court ruled that separate is not equal.
The amount of time between Plessy v. Ferguson and Brown v. Board of Education shows just how long it took to get justice for blacks from the Supreme Court. It amazes me that our government could even question if blacks have the right to justice. It should be basic knowledge for us to know that it is wrong to treat any people so unjustly. Just to prove my point here are some questions you can ask yourself: are blacks human beings just like whites? Do blacks and whites both have feelings and needs? And finally, is the only difference between blacks and whites is that they have a different complexion? I am confused as to why so many people, including Justices on our Supreme Court would not answer yes to all these questions. How could anyone who had any intelligence think it was acceptable to treat blacks differently?
Fortunately the Court did come to its senses in Brown v. Board of Education. Yet just because The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that separate is not equal it did not mean that blacks were automatically treated equally. After Brown v. Board of Education happened, there needed to be the Civil Rights Movement, in which many people were involved to push society to change. Two people who led the Civil Rights Movement were Martin Luther King Jr. and Rosa Parks. We must acknowledge that it wasn’t only those people, there were others working and helping the same cause. There were many ways that they impacted The Civil Rights Movement. They gave speeches, wrote letters, led marches, held meetings and many other strategies. They also endured mental and physical hardships. Only through the Civil Rights Movement did the promise of Brown actually get achieved. These people were poor, wealthy, high class, low class, black, some white, short and tall. Basically, there was a wide range of different kinds of people. Not everyone automatically changed their frame of mind when The U.S. Supreme Court ruled separate is not equal. There were still many people out there who were racist and wanted to keep blacks in an inferior position.